Awesome Aquifers

General Event Info
Awesome Aquifer is a Division B event that has been in competition since 2005. It is sponsored by the Groundwater Foundation.

History
In 2005, Awesome Aquifer consisted of a setup time, a demonstration time, and a written test. Students could build their aquifer ahead of time and set it up during the setup time or build one on site during the setup time. The students then would demonstrate their project in front of judges. Scoring was based upon a pre-determined rubric; a written test was used as a tiebreaker.

The Rules
In 2006, Awesome Aquifer was revised significantly. You are now required to build your model on site in 10 minutes. The presentation of your model counts toward the final 50% of your total score, the two tests make up the other 50%.

The event this is made up of four 10-minute stations. Most event supervisors will have you rotate from one station to the next (i.e. 1-2-3-4 or 3-4-1-2 or 2-3-4-1, etc). The 4 stations are:


 * 1: Vocabulary test (questions involve terminology relating to hydrogeology)
 * 2: Resource test (utilize the provided charts, graphs, and maps to answer questions)
 * 3: Building station (here you will be provided with a list of about 4-10 objectives {see list below} to design your model around - this list is what the judges will be scoring your model on. Use your time at this station to build your model aquifer and write some brief notes to help your through your presentation at station 4)
 * 4: Present your aquifer to the judges (judges will base their scores on your ability to verbally define/explain each objective on the list AS WELL AS how well you manipulate your model to visually show the objective. In addition, judges might ask a suprise question or two which will make you think on your feet)

Example Objectives (this is a list of some possible objectives you might be asked to demonstrate and some suggestions on how to manipulate the model to show each one):


 * Recharge from precipitation - easiest of all things to represent, all you need is a water bottle, atomizer, spray bottle, etc. to show this.
 * Recharge from surface water bodies - we used small plastic containers (Tupperware) and drilled tiny holes at the bottom so that when we filled it with water it would be drained in about 40 seconds, just place it in top layer of rock and your ready.
 * Groundwater discharge - to surface water and wetlands - all you need for this is your original water body from 2, put small holes in sides and (after its been placed in the top layer) it will fill with water as you pour the water bottle (or other from 1) over the rocks near this, do the same thing to wetland with the wetland being represented by a sponge
 * Connection between surface water and groundwater - I always found this easier to show w/ 2 bodies of water but you can do it in a variety of ways. What I did is took the the water body from 2 and filled it with water, but on the other side had a deeper body of water with small holes in its side. As the water discharged from the first body of water it went through the aquifer to the second body of water
 * Saturated zone - some people use sponge but you don't need to, just fill the aquifer w/ enough water so that this layer (which should be one above the impermeable layer (clay) if you use it) is filled with water. I use rocks or clear beads for this layer.
 * Unsaturated zone - you can use clear beads, rock, etc. for this layer. It's right above the saturated zone and not covered in water. Make sure that water doesn't make this layer start to float.
 * Water Table - between two zones above, just use cloth or a net-like material (net-like material is good to put between all layers so they don't mix)
 * Porosity - use a large rocks and small rocks. Show the difference in the space for water and air in each. (I'm not good with this step so you can be more creative that I)
 * Permeability - use rocks and a sponge. Show that water moves faster through rocks than a sponge, cloth, or different material (you can even use a different kind of rock).
 * Wells - use materials like aquarium airline hose, drinking straws, or other narrow tubes. Add a soap pump, oral syringe or pipette to move water.
 * Well sitting - show how a well in one place works compared to a well in another place
 * Well closure - no explanation needed
 * Relationship between pumping and movement - use one of wells to show how water moves w/ the well pumping and w/o well pumping
 * Impact to SW from well - place well by SW and when doing 3 do it once w/ well pumping and once w/o. Note the difference between how much groundwater is discharged into surface water.
 * One way to contaminate groundwater - use food coloring or powered drink mix
 * Movement of contaminate in groundwater - This is where white or clear beads can come in handy so you can see contaminates movement
 * Remediation - there are tons of filters you can use, be creative and pick one that works for you
 * Sustainable yield - quite easy, either have one partner put water in as precipitation while one takes water out through wells, or have one partner put water in as it discharges to surface water when entering aquifer

Scoring
Vocabulary test = 25%, Resource test = 25%, Presentation of model = 50%. View score sheet at http://www.groundwater.org/pe/so/aa_score_sheet_0805.pdf.

Bring to the Competition
2 pencils, model building materials. Outside books, notes, references, etc are not allowed. The event supervisor will provide the tests, score sheets, and objectives lists.