Protein Modeling/Apoptosis

The 2012 topic of Protein Modeling deals with cell apoptosis. The pre-build model is of caspase-3.

See the CBM webpage for more details.

Caspase-3
Caspase-3 is the pre-build model for 2012.

Caspase-3 is a cysteine-aspartic acid protease, known as an "executioner" protein because of the direct role it plays in dismantling other cell proteins during apoptosis. It is inhibited by XIAP, and it acts upon PARP, among other proteins.

Diablo
Diablo is the onsite model for Invitationals.

The Diablo homolog is an inhibitor of XIAP.

XIAP
XIAP is the onsite model for regionals.

XIAP is the X-linked Inhibitor of Apoptosis Protein, which inhibits apoptosis by binding to Caspase-3 (and other caspases) to prevent them from cleaving their substrates. It is called "X-linked" because the gene responsible for it is found on the X-chromosome.

PARP
PARP is the onsite model for states.

MHC
MHC is the onsite model for nationals.

Apoptosis
Apoptosis is the programmed death of a cell. It is triggered by signals either from mitochondria (i.e., the release of cytochrome c) or extrinsic signals caused by exposure to radiation, etc. In the process of apoptosis, structural and DNA-repair proteins are broken down.