Shock Value B

[Jim_R]

Discussion for Shock Value B.

[gyourkoshaven]

Circuit Lab Wiki
Trial Event Rules: http://soinc.org/sites/default/files/uploaded_files/trial_events/shockvalue.pdf

Thoughts?

[blue cobra]

Why does increased resistance mean increased voltage?

[fleet130]

Ohm's Law states: E = I x R

Where:
R = Resistance in Ohms
E = Electromotive Force in Volts
I = Current in Amperes

If R increases, E must also increase in order for I to remain the same.

In a simple circuit with only 1 EMF source, 1 resistance and 1 current path, increasing the resistance will cause current ( I ) to decrease. In circuits with more than a single resistance in series, each resistance uses (drops) only a portion of the total (applied) voltage. Increasing one of the resistances causes the voltage it drops to increase. Since the applied voltage remains the same, voltage dropped by the other series resistors must decrease.

For Series Circuits:

E(total) = E(R1) + E(R2).... + E(Rn)
R(total) = R1 + R2.... + Rn
I(total) = I(R1) = I(R2).... = I(Rn)

For Parallel Circuits:

E(total) = E(R1) = E(R2).... = E(Rn)
R(total) = 1/[(1/R1) + (1/R2).... + (1/Rn)]
I(total) = I(R1) + I(R2).... + I(Rn)

Edit: Corrected typo in equation for Ohm's Law

[Anarch]

You seem to have misstated Ohm's Law. In actuality, Ohm's Law states, using your notation, that E = I x R. Good explanation, otherwise.

To add to that, it is not the case that increasing the resistance in a circuit will increase the voltage. The correct interpretation of this information is that: if you increase the resistance in a circuit, and you want to maintain the same current, you must do something to increase the voltage applied to the circuit (typically by adding a battery or something). A good way to approach this is to treat current as a dependent variable: I = E/R. You cannot do anything to directly change the current flowing through the circuit; rather, you must increase the voltage or decrease the resistance to increase the flow of current (or vice versa for the opposite effect).

[andrewwski]

Correct. If the voltage were constant, increasing the resistance would decrease the current. Increasing the resistance would not increase the voltage on its own under most circumstances, rather it would decrease the current. If one were to adjust the voltage properly, they could maintain the same current load.

[fleet130]

You are correct, Ohms Law should be: E = I x R

I have corrected my previous post.

The correct interpretation of this information is that: if you increase the resistance in a circuit, and you want to maintain the same current, you must do something to increase the voltage applied to the circuit

While this is true, I didn't want to increase the applied voltage to maintain the same current. I wanted to show the effect that changing one resistance in a series circuit would have on the circuit.

it is not the case that increasing the resistance in a circuit will increase the voltage.

If only one resistance in a series circuit containing more than one resistance is increased, the voltage drop across THAT resistance WILL increase. Since the applied voltage remains the same, and the sum of the voltages dropped by each resistor is equal to the applied voltage, the voltage dropped by the other resistors in the circuit must decrease. The current will also decrease due to the increase in total resistance.

This change in voltage is easily demonstrated with a few resistors, a battery and a voltmeter.

[blue cobra]

I see. Increasing resistance doesn't increase voltage, it decreases current (under most circumstances). Thanks!

[andrewwski]

You are correct, Ohms Law should be: E = I x R

I have corrected my previous post.

If only one resistance in a series circuit containing more than one resistance is increased, the voltage drop across THAT resistance WILL increase. Since the applied voltage remains the same, and the sum of the voltages dropped by each resistor is equal to the applied voltage, the voltage dropped by the other resistors in the circuit must decrease. The current will also decrease due to the increase in total resistance.

This change in voltage is easily demonstrated with a few resistors, a battery and a voltmeter.

Correct. When dealing with individual resistors, we can apply Ohms Law to each one, using the information posted above about voltage and current in series and parallel circuits.

I see. Increasing resistance doesn't increase voltage, it decreases current (under most circumstances). Thanks!

Total voltage, no, but voltage through that individual resistor in a series circuit (see fleet's post above). In a parallel circuit, voltage is constant across all branches, so increasing resistance of one or all branches will not affect the voltage through them, just the current. Of course, you're usually going to be dealing with a combination of series and parallel.

[Anarch]

The correct interpretation of this information is that: if you increase the resistance in a circuit, and you want to maintain the same current, you must do something to increase the voltage applied to the circuit

While this is true, I didn't want to increase the applied voltage to maintain the same current. I wanted to show the effect that changing one resistance in a series circuit would have on the circuit.

Oh, I see what you were getting at. That makes sense. Sorry if I seemed overzealous there.

[Avis_de-Incendia]

The confusing part about this all is that if you increase the resistance of a circuit, the electromagnitive force would increase.

Common sense would dictate that shouldn't be...no?

[fleet130]

The total voltage in the circuit stays the same. Only the voltage used by individual components changes. Here's an example using the formulas for series circuits:

Series Circuits Formulas:

Ohm's Law (stated 3 different ways):
E = I x R
I = E/R
R = E/I

E(total) = E(R1) + E(R2).... + E(Rn)
R(total) = R1 + R2.... + Rn
I(total) = I(R1) = I(R2).... = I(Rn)

Circuit 1


To learn everything about this circuit we can use a chart. Start by entering what we know:


Using the formula: R(total) = R1 + R2.... + Rn we can find the total resistance:


We can now use Ohm's Law in the form of I = E/R to find the total current in the circuit


From the formula: I(total) = I(R1) = I(R2).... = I(Rn) we can now determine the current in both resistors:


Lastly, we can use Ohm's Law E = I x R to find the voltage used by each of the resistors


Note: Power (P) is measured in Watts (W). The formula is: P = I x E

Circuit 2


In Circuit 2 resistor #1 is increased to 9 ohms with all other parameters remaining the same. Calculate the values for this circuit just as in Circuit 1.
Results are:


Note: The voltage used by resistor 1 increased and the voltage used by #2, the current and total power decreased.

[acanoli]

Anyone have any good resources? Or know what's included in the rules? I know nothing as of now.

[Iustitia]

Anyone have any good resources? Or know what's included in the rules? I know nothing as of now.

There's a magical place called the "Wiki" where they have all the answers to all your questions. almost.

[EastStroudsburg13]

Try this link for the Shock Value Wiki. Also, fleet130's post seems pretty good up there as well. If you feel like waiting for just a little bit more until you get the rules, or if you have the rules already, look up the stuff on there. Sorry I can't tell you more at this point, I don't have the rules myself.