Anatomy and Physiology B/C

[donutsandcupcakes]

My friend managed to get 1st with a kinda bad partner, so it's definitely possible. You just have to be really passionate and study as much as possible.

Thank You for the positive note, I am trying my best to not depend on my partner.

i was in the same boat last year, my partner was busy with her build event and couldn't answer much from resp system. we still managed to get 4th in the state because i studied my systems well and basics of Resp system. a good cheat sheet will be the key. all the best.

Thank You, and all the best to you, for your future events!

[sy7832]

This is my first time going to states. Any ideas on how to study for the states? Also, is there any extra information that is needed to be learned?

[sy7832]

anyone know where to get a decent arteries/veins diagram lmk thx

You could go to google images and find one there.

[Anomaly]

This is my first time going to states. Any ideas on how to study for the states? Also, is there any extra information that is needed to be learned?

Generally with state competitions, they are more in-depth and more detailed than the regionals tests. Some suggestions for studying would be to go in-depth into the cardiac muscle contraction process and other physiological processes in each system.

I also had a question to any of y'all that want to answer this

In the ‘loop of Henle’ --.
A. Water osmoses into the descending limb
B. Sodium and chloride ions are passively transported out of the ascending limb
C. The ascending limb is very permeable to water
D. The filtrate in the descending limb becomes more and more hypotonic
E. None of the above

answer key says it was B, I was wondering if this is right? I always thought that sodium and chloride were transported out of the ascending limb through active transport, but maybe my information is just wrong

[Here]

I also had a question to any of y'all that want to answer this

In the ‘loop of Henle’ --.
A. Water osmoses into the descending limb
B. Sodium and chloride ions are passively transported out of the ascending limb
C. The ascending limb is very permeable to water
D. The filtrate in the descending limb becomes more and more hypotonic
E. None of the above

answer key says it was B, I was wondering if this is right? I always thought that sodium and chloride were transported out of the ascending limb through active transport, but maybe my information is just wrong

I think passive transport is in the thin ascending limb, while active transport is in the thick ascending limb

[jxxu20]

In my understanding, sodium and chloride ions are transported out of the ascending limb through secondary active transport which doesn't require the use of ATP.

[Anomaly]

In my understanding, sodium and chloride ions are transported out of the ascending limb through secondary active transport which doesn't require the use of ATP.

huh maybe thats why the answer was B... although secondary active transport still requires energy so i dont know how thats passive...

[bp31000]

In my understanding, sodium and chloride ions are transported out of the ascending limb through secondary active transport which doesn't require the use of ATP.

Wikipedia: The Na-K-Cl cotransporter (NKCC) is a protein that aids in the active transport of sodium, potassium, and chloride into cells. NKCC2 is in ascending limb of loop of henle.
The energy required to move solutes across the cell membrane is provided by the electrochemical gradient of sodium. Sodium's electrochemical gradient is established by the Na-K ATPase, which is an ATP-dependent enzyme. Since NKCC proteins use sodium's gradient, their activity is indirectly dependent on ATP; for this reason, NKCC proteins are said to move solutes by way of secondary active transport.

it uses ATP, though indirectly. so i think calling it "passive" is a stretch.

[nerdfifi]

The ions are transported because of osmosis i think?

[Navyeli]

If I want to get top 5 in my states, how should I study? This is my first year, and I really wanna do well.